Meet Me In...

Cities with Internet Exchanges Worldwide

Where do the world's networks physically meet to exchange traffic? This directory lists every city and metropolitan area on Earth that hosts at least one Internet Exchange Point (IXP) — the neutral facilities where ISPs, content delivery networks, cloud providers, and enterprises interconnect through peering. Whether you're planning network deployments, evaluating markets for AI inference infrastructure, or researching where low-latency interconnection is available, start here.

Covering 900+ cities across 120+ countries, sourced from PeeringDB facility data and updated nightly. Select any city to view the specific exchanges, participating networks, and colocation facilities operating there.

Internet Exchanges by Region

Region Countries Cities with IX Presence
North/Central America8226
Europe & UK38330
Asia Pacific26196
South America9114
Africa2441
Middle East1223
Australia136
Other Territories1013
Total128979

Data as of March 9, 2026.

= Metro Area with "Meet Me In..." research article.
BOLD = Metro Area
Italic = City within a metro area (links to metro area page)

United States

Cities and metropolitan areas in the United States with at least one Internet Exchange. The US has the highest concentration of IXPs globally, anchored by major interconnection hubs in Northern Virginia (Ashburn), Dallas, Chicago, and the San Francisco Bay Area — with growing IX presence in secondary markets serving AI inference, edge compute, and regional peering demand.

Canada

Cities in Canada with at least one Internet Exchange. Canada's IX ecosystem is concentrated in Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal, with regional exchanges serving connectivity needs in the Prairies, Atlantic Canada, and Quebec.

North/Central America (Other)

Cities in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean with at least one Internet Exchange. Growing IX presence in this region supports local traffic exchange, reduces dependence on US transit, and improves latency for regional content delivery.

Costa Rica

A list of cities in Costa Rica with Internet Exchanges.

Dominican Republic

A list of cities in Dominican Republic with Internet Exchanges.

Guatemala

A list of cities in Guatemala with Internet Exchanges.

Mexico

A list of cities in Mexico with Internet Exchanges.

Puerto Rico

A list of cities in Puerto Rico with Internet Exchanges.

Trinidad and Tobago

A list of cities in Trinidad and Tobago with Internet Exchanges.

Africa

Cities in Africa with at least one Internet Exchange. Africa's IXP ecosystem is expanding rapidly as part of continent-wide efforts to keep local traffic local, reduce latency, and lower international transit costs. Key hubs include Nairobi, Lagos, Johannesburg, Cape Town, and emerging exchanges across West, East, and Central Africa.

Angola

A list of cities in Angola with Internet Exchanges.

Burkina Faso

A list of cities in Burkina Faso with Internet Exchanges.

Burundi

A list of cities in Burundi with Internet Exchanges.

Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)

A list of cities in Congo (the Democratic Republic of the) with Internet Exchanges.

Congo

A list of cities in Congo with Internet Exchanges.

Cameroon

A list of cities in Cameroon with Internet Exchanges.

Djibouti

A list of cities in Djibouti with Internet Exchanges.

Gabon

A list of cities in Gabon with Internet Exchanges.

Ghana

A list of cities in Ghana with Internet Exchanges.

Kenya

A list of cities in Kenya with Internet Exchanges.

Morocco

A list of cities in Morocco with Internet Exchanges.

Madagascar

A list of cities in Madagascar with Internet Exchanges.

Mali

A list of cities in Mali with Internet Exchanges.

Mauritius

A list of cities in Mauritius with Internet Exchanges.

Malawi

A list of cities in Malawi with Internet Exchanges.

Nigeria

A list of cities in Nigeria with Internet Exchanges.

Rwanda

A list of cities in Rwanda with Internet Exchanges.

Sierra Leone

A list of cities in Sierra Leone with Internet Exchanges.

Senegal

A list of cities in Senegal with Internet Exchanges.

Chad

A list of cities in Chad with Internet Exchanges.

Togo

A list of cities in Togo with Internet Exchanges.

Tanzania

A list of cities in Tanzania with Internet Exchanges.

Uganda

A list of cities in Uganda with Internet Exchanges.

South Africa

A list of cities in South Africa with Internet Exchanges.

Asia Pacific

Cities in the Asia Pacific region with at least one Internet Exchange. The region has seen rapid IXP growth, with major interconnection hubs in Singapore, Hong Kong, Tokyo, Mumbai, Jakarta, and Seoul. Indonesia hosts some of the world's largest exchanges by participant count, while India's IX ecosystem is expanding to meet demand from cloud, CDN, and AI workloads.

Bangladesh

A list of cities in Bangladesh with Internet Exchanges.

Brunei

A list of cities in Brunei with Internet Exchanges.

Bhutan

A list of cities in Bhutan with Internet Exchanges.

China

A list of cities in China with Internet Exchanges.

Georgia

A list of cities in Georgia with Internet Exchanges.

Hong Kong

A list of cities in Hong Kong with Internet Exchanges.

Indonesia

A list of cities in Indonesia with Internet Exchanges.

India

A list of cities in India with Internet Exchanges.

Japan

A list of cities in Japan with Internet Exchanges.

Kyrgyzstan

A list of cities in Kyrgyzstan with Internet Exchanges.

Cambodia

A list of cities in Cambodia with Internet Exchanges.

South Korea

A list of cities in South Korea with Internet Exchanges.

Kazakhstan

A list of cities in Kazakhstan with Internet Exchanges.

Myanmar

A list of cities in Myanmar with Internet Exchanges.

Maldives

A list of cities in Maldives with Internet Exchanges.

Malaysia

A list of cities in Malaysia with Internet Exchanges.

Nepal

A list of cities in Nepal with Internet Exchanges.

New Zealand

A list of cities in New Zealand with Internet Exchanges.

Philippines

A list of cities in Philippines with Internet Exchanges.

Pakistan

A list of cities in Pakistan with Internet Exchanges.

Singapore

A list of cities in Singapore with Internet Exchanges.

Thailand

A list of cities in Thailand with Internet Exchanges.

Taiwan

A list of cities in Taiwan with Internet Exchanges.

Uzbekistan

A list of cities in Uzbekistan with Internet Exchanges.

Vietnam

A list of cities in Vietnam with Internet Exchanges.

Vanuatu

A list of cities in Vanuatu with Internet Exchanges.

Australia

Cities in Australia with at least one Internet Exchange. Australia's IX infrastructure is concentrated in Sydney and Melbourne, with growing presence in Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, and Canberra supporting distributed connectivity across the continent.

Europe

Cities in Europe with at least one Internet Exchange. Europe leads the world in public peering traffic volume, driven by major IXP operators including DE-CIX (Frankfurt), AMS-IX (Amsterdam), LINX (London), and France-IX (Paris). European exchanges are predominantly non-profit, membership-based organizations with deep interconnection ecosystems.

Albania

A list of cities in Albania with Internet Exchanges.

Austria

A list of cities in Austria with Internet Exchanges.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

A list of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina with Internet Exchanges.

Belgium

A list of cities in Belgium with Internet Exchanges.

Bulgaria

A list of cities in Bulgaria with Internet Exchanges.

Switzerland

A list of cities in Switzerland with Internet Exchanges.

Czechia

A list of cities in Czechia with Internet Exchanges.

Germany

A list of cities in Germany with Internet Exchanges.

Denmark

A list of cities in Denmark with Internet Exchanges.

Estonia

A list of cities in Estonia with Internet Exchanges.

Spain

A list of cities in Spain with Internet Exchanges.

Finland

A list of cities in Finland with Internet Exchanges.

France

A list of cities in France with Internet Exchanges.

United Kingdom

A list of cities in United Kingdom with Internet Exchanges.

Greece

A list of cities in Greece with Internet Exchanges.

Croatia

A list of cities in Croatia with Internet Exchanges.

Hungary

A list of cities in Hungary with Internet Exchanges.

Ireland

A list of cities in Ireland with Internet Exchanges.

Iceland

A list of cities in Iceland with Internet Exchanges.

Italy

A list of cities in Italy with Internet Exchanges.

Liechtenstein

A list of cities in Liechtenstein with Internet Exchanges.

Lithuania

A list of cities in Lithuania with Internet Exchanges.

Luxembourg

A list of cities in Luxembourg with Internet Exchanges.

Latvia

A list of cities in Latvia with Internet Exchanges.

Moldova

A list of cities in Moldova with Internet Exchanges.

North Macedonia

A list of cities in North Macedonia with Internet Exchanges.

Netherlands

A list of cities in Netherlands with Internet Exchanges.

Norway

A list of cities in Norway with Internet Exchanges.

Poland

A list of cities in Poland with Internet Exchanges.

Portugal

A list of cities in Portugal with Internet Exchanges.

Romania

A list of cities in Romania with Internet Exchanges.

Serbia

A list of cities in Serbia with Internet Exchanges.

Russia

A list of cities in Russia with Internet Exchanges.

Sweden

A list of cities in Sweden with Internet Exchanges.

Slovenia

A list of cities in Slovenia with Internet Exchanges.

Slovakia

A list of cities in Slovakia with Internet Exchanges.

Türkiye

A list of cities in Türkiye with Internet Exchanges.

Ukraine

A list of cities in Ukraine with Internet Exchanges.

Middle East

Cities in the Middle East with at least one Internet Exchange. The region's IX infrastructure is growing alongside major data center investment in the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey — driven by demand for low-latency connectivity, cloud on-ramps, and regional content delivery.

United Arab Emirates

A list of cities in United Arab Emirates with Internet Exchanges.

Bahrain

A list of cities in Bahrain with Internet Exchanges.

Cyprus

A list of cities in Cyprus with Internet Exchanges.

Egypt

A list of cities in Egypt with Internet Exchanges.

Israel

A list of cities in Israel with Internet Exchanges.

Jordan

A list of cities in Jordan with Internet Exchanges.

Kuwait

A list of cities in Kuwait with Internet Exchanges.

Lebanon

A list of cities in Lebanon with Internet Exchanges.

Oman

A list of cities in Oman with Internet Exchanges.

Qatar

A list of cities in Qatar with Internet Exchanges.

Saudi Arabia

A list of cities in Saudi Arabia with Internet Exchanges.

Türkiye

A list of cities in Türkiye with Internet Exchanges.

South America

Cities in South America with at least one Internet Exchange. The region's IX landscape is anchored by Brazil's IX.br (formerly PTT.br), one of the largest IXP ecosystems globally by participant count. Buenos Aires, São Paulo, Santiago, Bogotá, and Lima serve as the primary interconnection hubs.

Argentina

A list of cities in Argentina with Internet Exchanges.

Bolivia

A list of cities in Bolivia with Internet Exchanges.

Brazil

A list of cities in Brazil with Internet Exchanges.

Chile

A list of cities in Chile with Internet Exchanges.

Colombia

A list of cities in Colombia with Internet Exchanges.

Ecuador

A list of cities in Ecuador with Internet Exchanges.

Peru

A list of cities in Peru with Internet Exchanges.

Paraguay

A list of cities in Paraguay with Internet Exchanges.

Venezuela

A list of cities in Venezuela with Internet Exchanges.

Other

Cities and territories with at least one Internet Exchange that fall outside the major continental regions, including Pacific Island nations, Caribbean territories, and other special jurisdictions.

Antarctica

A list of cities in Antarctica with Internet Exchanges.

Saint Barthélemy

A list of cities in Saint Barthélemy with Internet Exchanges.

Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba

A list of cities in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba with Internet Exchanges.

Curaçao

A list of cities in Curaçao with Internet Exchanges.

Guam

A list of cities in Guam with Internet Exchanges.

Saint Martin (French part)

A list of cities in Saint Martin (French part) with Internet Exchanges.

Northern Mariana Islands

A list of cities in Northern Mariana Islands with Internet Exchanges.

New Caledonia

A list of cities in New Caledonia with Internet Exchanges.

Palestine, State of

A list of cities in Palestine, State of with Internet Exchanges.

Sint Maarten (Dutch part)

A list of cities in Sint Maarten (Dutch part) with Internet Exchanges.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an Internet Exchange Point (IXP)? ▾

An Internet Exchange Point (IXP) is a physical facility where multiple independent networks — including ISPs, CDNs, cloud providers, and enterprises — connect to exchange traffic directly, rather than routing through third-party transit providers. IXPs typically operate as Layer 2 Ethernet switching fabrics inside carrier-neutral data centers.

By peering at an IXP, networks reduce transit costs, lower latency, and improve redundancy. There are over 1,200 active Internet Exchanges worldwide.

Learn more in the NV Research AI Interconnection book →

How many cities in the world have Internet Exchanges? ▾

Over 700 cities across more than 80 countries host at least one Internet Exchange Point, based on PeeringDB facility data. The highest concentration is in Europe (~300 cities), followed by the United States (~200 cities) and Asia Pacific (~200 cities). The number continues to grow as emerging markets develop local peering infrastructure.

Why does Internet Exchange location matter for AI inference? ▾

AI inference workloads — where trained models process real-time requests — are extremely latency-sensitive. Every millisecond of network delay impacts the responsiveness of AI-powered applications, from large language models and image generation to autonomous systems and real-time recommendation engines.

Internet Exchanges located close to inference compute clusters allow AI providers to peer directly with last-mile networks, bypassing transit hops and reducing round-trip latency. As AI inference shifts from centralized hyperscale data centers toward distributed edge deployments, the availability of IXPs in secondary and tertiary markets becomes a critical infrastructure consideration.

Cities with strong IX ecosystems are better positioned to attract AI inference workloads because they offer the low-latency, high-bandwidth interconnection that these workloads demand.

How do Internet Exchanges reduce latency? ▾

Without an IXP, traffic between two networks in the same city may be routed through a distant city — sometimes across continents — before returning locally. This "tromboning" adds unnecessary latency and cost.

IXPs solve this by providing a local interconnection point where networks can exchange traffic directly. When an ISP and a content provider both connect to the same IXP, their traffic travels the shortest possible path — often within the same building — rather than traversing multiple transit networks. This can reduce round-trip latency from 50–100+ milliseconds down to under 1 millisecond for local traffic.

For latency-sensitive applications — including AI inference, real-time video, gaming, financial trading, and IoT — the presence of a local IXP can be the difference between a usable and unusable experience.

What are the largest Internet Exchanges in the world? ▾

By peak traffic throughput, the largest IXPs include DE-CIX Frankfurt (Germany), AMS-IX (Amsterdam, Netherlands), IX.br São Paulo (Brazil), and LINX (London, UK). By number of connected networks, IX.br São Paulo and OpenIXP Jakarta consistently rank among the highest globally.

In the United States, major exchanges include those operated by DE-CIX, AMS-IX, NYIIX, SIX (Seattle), and the various regional exchange points in Ashburn, Dallas, and Chicago.

Why do IXPs matter for edge computing and distributed AI? ▾

Edge computing moves processing closer to end users to minimize latency. Internet Exchanges are the natural interconnection points for edge infrastructure because they already aggregate network connectivity in a given market. When edge compute nodes are deployed at or near an IXP, they benefit from direct peering access to eyeball networks (the ISPs serving end users), which is essential for delivering low-latency AI inference, content, and application services.

As AI workloads become more distributed — moving from centralized training clusters to inference at the edge — the density and geographic spread of IXPs directly shapes where AI services can be deployed effectively.

Where does this data come from? ▾

City-level IXP presence data is derived from PeeringDB, a freely available, community-maintained database of networks and interconnection facilities. Newby Ventures refreshes this directory regularly and supplements it with original research and analysis through the "Meet Me In..." research series.

How can I find Internet Exchanges in a specific city? ▾

Use the search filter at the top of this page to search by city name. You can also browse by scrolling to the appropriate region and country section. Clicking on any city will take you to a detail page showing the specific exchanges, participating networks, and colocation facilities in that location.

For US-specific research, see the Internet Exchanges in United States dashboard.

Download the full dataset: Global IXP Cities Directory (CSV) — Free to use with attribution to Newby Ventures and PeeringDB.

Cite This Data

When referencing this data in publications, reports, or presentations:

Newby Ventures. "Cities with Internet Exchanges Worldwide." March 2026. https://www.newby-ventures.com/research/internet-exchanges-in/. Data sourced from PeeringDB.

This data is freely available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. Please attribute Newby Ventures and PeeringDB when using.

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